Recent Stories
For most kids, “asthma” is just a word they’ve heard from parents or teachers—something serious, maybe even scary, but distant. For Charlize Sitto and Elinor Jwaydah, it became personal. Elinor remembers being a child who didn’t even know she had asthma. “I didn’t realize my coughing and shortness of breath were symptoms,” she said. “It was confusing and kind of scary, and I wish someone had explained it to me in a way I could understand.” That experience became a driving force behind her work.
سجلات التاريخ في بلاد ما بين النهرين (العراق) تبيّن انه بعد 2600 عام من الاستيطان اليهودي المتواصل في المنطقة التي وُلد فيها النبي إبراهيم، وسُجل فيها عهد بابل حيث كَتبَ اليهود التلمود البابلي، انتهى وجود المكون اليهودي العراقي في وطن اجدادهم بعد احداث الفرهود واسقاط الجنسية العراقية عن هذا المكّون الأصيل في النصف الثاني من القرن العشرين. ورغم ذلك، لا يزال هناك تراث مادي وتاريخي يستحق التذكير به ومواقع دينية وأثرية مقدسة مهملة، ومتروكة لمعول الزمان ومهددة بالانقراض تنتظر الرحمة والعناية والترميم. لقد حددت أبحاث أجراها أثريون وأكاديميون 27 موقعًا في العراق لا تزال قائمة، ولكنها معرضة للخطر والاندثار وهي في حالة بالغة السوء.
Long ago, the lands around Mosul nurtured families whose fathers and mothers worked its fields and whose children’s laughter echoed across its soil. But that life was swept away in the 1980s, when the waters of the Mosul Dam rose, swallowing not only the land but entire chapters of unwritten history.
Ethan Mukhtar, a talented Chaldean-American golfer from Farmington Hills, is making waves in the golfing world. A 2025 graduate of Orchard Lake St. Mary's Preparatory High School, Ethan was a four-year varsity letterwinner and a key member of the school's first-ever MHSAA Division 2 state championship-winning boys golf team in 2024.
Nestled in Detroit’s historic Corktown neighborhood, Kintsugi Village is more than just a school—it’s a living, breathing ecosystem built on the idea that education should nourish the whole child. Set to open in October, the nonprofit early childhood center blends learning with art, food, nature, and community connection.
For one group of past, current, and future medical students at Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, it’s definitely safe to say that the school is a family affair. Chaldean cousins Jackie, Julianne, and Jacob Thomas all officially begin attending OUWB as members of the Class of 2029 on Monday, August 18.
For over 150 years, the remarkable story of a Chaldean woman from the Nineveh Plains who became part of the ruling dynasty during 19th-century Afghanistan was largely forgotten or perhaps intentionally concealed in my family’s historical narrative.
With increasingly realistic deepfakes arriving by email, text, phone and even mail, everyone is vulnerable to fraudsters. Seniors, in particular, are prime targets. My wife and I—not quite seniors yet—learned this the hard way. A couple of years ago, while trying to sell a couch on Facebook Marketplace, we were scammed out of $300 through Zelle.
Nana Bernadette Sarafa’s Kitchen at CCF West buzzed with excitement as young aspiring bakers gathered for a hands-on baking class led by Genevieve Kashat, a standout contestant from Food Network’s Kids Baking Championship.
The Chaldean Community Foundation’s West location (CCF West) will soon unveil a robust slate of new programs designed to support seniors, families, and community members of all ages. From wellness classes to cultural workshops and intergenerational cooking lessons, the expanded offerings reflect CCF West’s mission of building connection, promoting health, and celebrating heritage.
سجلات التاريخ في بلاد ما بين النهرين (العراق) تبيّن انه بعد 2600 عام من الاستيطان اليهودي المتواصل في المنطقة التي وُلد فيها النبي إبراهيم، وسُجل فيها عهد بابل حيث كَتبَ اليهود التلمود البابلي، انتهى وجود المكون اليهودي العراقي في وطن اجدادهم بعد احداث الفرهود واسقاط الجنسية العراقية عن هذا المكّون الأصيل في النصف الثاني من القرن العشرين. ورغم ذلك، لا يزال هناك تراث مادي وتاريخي يستحق التذكير به ومواقع دينية وأثرية مقدسة مهملة، ومتروكة لمعول الزمان ومهددة بالانقراض تنتظر الرحمة والعناية والترميم. لقد حددت أبحاث أجراها أثريون وأكاديميون 27 موقعًا في العراق لا تزال قائمة، ولكنها معرضة للخطر والاندثار وهي في حالة بالغة السوء.
As the days grow cooler and shorter, many of us take time to reflect on what matters most—and for Chaldeans, that often begins with family. Our cover story is a true family affair: five cousins from the Thomas family have all chosen to pursue medicine at Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine.
There is a persistent misconception that sanctuary cities allow “criminal illegal aliens” to roam freely and hide after committing crimes. Basic logic suggests this is not the case — regardless of party affiliation, elected officials generally care about the public and work to protect it.
If you ever find yourself driving down Jamacha Road in San Diego, you might notice a modest wooden sign that reads: Good Samaritan Retirement Center. Tucked into a quiet residential neighborhood, this Spanish-style building, surrounded by well-kept landscaping, may seem like a hidden gem—and it is.
Tigris Tower’s on-site office is now open, Monday-Friday, 9:00am-5:00pm. Tours for the public are now available. All interested applicants are encouraged to fill out the form at tigristower.com/contact or visit Tigris Tower in person at 43700 Van Dyke in Sterling Heights.
CCF recently celebrated the completion of the teen Chaldean (Sureth) Language Course at CCF West. Over the past six weeks, Michael Antoon and Patrick Kakos taught students how to speak Sureth – the language spoken by Jesus Christ.
CCF West welcomed New Detroit’s Multicultural Leadership Program participants for an immersive experience, focusing on the history, culture, and socioeconomics of Chaldean Americans.
A Chinese government-affiliated company, SAIC Motor Corp., sold its largely vacant 41,000-square-foot office building at 322 N. Old Woodward Ave. in Birmingham, Michigan, for $18 million to local developer Doraid Markus. The July 15 sale, at approximately $439 per square foot, marks one of the highest per-square-foot real estate deals in downtown Birmingham in 15 years.
Born In Detroit LLC, a family-owned lifestyle brand, opened Born in Detroit Kitchen + Bar on June 27 at the McNamara Terminal of Detroit’s airport near Gate B6. The new space combines a restaurant and retail shop, offering Detroit-inspired cuisine, Great Lakes Coffee, cocktails made with 8 Mile Vodka, and Born In Detroit-branded apparel.
Lawrence Kajy, founder and managing partner of Kajy Law, PLLC in Southfield, has once again been named to The National Trial Lawyers Civil Plaintiff “Top 40 Under 40” list for Michigan. The honor recognizes outstanding young attorneys for their leadership, trial skills, and dedication to justice.
Butzel has added Christopher J. Ammori as a Senior Attorney in its Detroit office, strengthening the firm’s immigration practice. Ammori brings extensive experience in complex corporate immigration, advising both multinational and closely held companies on visa strategies and compliance. His expertise includes a wide range of nonimmigrant and immigrant visa categories such as O-1, E-2, L-1, H-1B, EB-1, PERM, and EB-5.
On June 18, 2025, history was made in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. For the first time, after decades of dreaming, the Chaldean Catholic community in that region walked into their very own church. The consecration of St. John the Apostle Chaldean Catholic Church was more than just a ceremony, it was the answer to years of prayers, hope, and countless sacrifices.
The legal profession often reflects the world it serves. At its most honest, it mirrors evolving stories of identity, justice, and perseverance. For many Chaldean American attorneys, entering this world is about more than building a career. It means standing on the strength of tradition while creating something new for future generations.
The story of Mar Eliya Retreat Center begins in 1928, when Detroit industrialist Arthur H. Buhl purchased a picturesque estate in Oxford, Michigan. Originally developed as Buhl’s private residence, the property eventually evolved into a place of peace and spirituality, serving various faith-based purposes for over half a century.
For 2,600 years, Jewish life flourished in Mesopotamia—modern-day Iraq—stretching back to the time of Babylon, where the Jews composed the Babylonian Talmud, and to the city of Ur, birthplace of the Prophet Abraham.
Thousands of Chaldean families reside in Metro Detroit, and there are likely almost as many torshi recipe variations. A pickled-vegetable staple in Middle Eastern homes, the crunchy treat livens up any meal and can even be enjoyed as a stand-alone snack.
Noah Manna joined the new Walled Lake Central High School boys volleyball team when he was a sophomore with very little experience in the sport. “I’d only played volleyball in gym class,” he said. “The girls in my gym class when I was a freshman who had played volleyball before were amazingly good at it, and the sport looked like fun, so I gave it a try. I’m so glad I did.”
If you grew up in Telkaif, Alqosh, Batnaya, Karamles, Qaraqosh, Tesqopa, Duhok, or other villages near the Nineveh Plain, you were familiar with many families maintaining their own agriculture and livestock. And if you were American-born like me, you heard stories from your loved ones about the happy, church-centered, simple life back home, back then.
نُقدم انا وأولادي كلٌّ من: جبران وعلاء وقيس ومارتن وروبرت، وبناتي كل من: مي وڤيني وليلى، جزيل الشكر والإمتنان لأبناء الجالية الكلدانية من الرجال والنساء والشباب والشابات، وكل الذين حضروا القداس التأبيني للمرحومة والدتنا ’هناء‘ في كنيسة أم الله وفي مقدمتهم سيادة المطران مار ابراهيم ابراهيم الجزيل الاحترام والتقدير وكل الذين شاركوا في مراسيم وأد المرحومة في مثواها ألأخير وكل الذين حضروا مجلس العزاء من الرجال والنساء والشباب والشابات.
Hana Yousif Manna, devoted wife, mother, grandmother, and great-grandmother, passed away on August 22, 2025. Born in Iraq on April 6, 1943, she married Frank (Fouad), in 1959. Ten years later, they immigrated to the US, where they built a life rooted in faith, family, and service. Hana worked for the Oak Park School District, where she was known as a second mother to many, always offering kindness, guidance, and love.
2024 Stories
Dr. Nathima Atchoo, born on December 28, 1931, in Iraq, passed away on February 5, 2025, receiving her heavenly reward.
استقبلت ورحبت مؤسسة الجالية الكلدانية بالرئيس السابق لمجلس النواب العراقي (محمد الحلبوسي) وعقيلته والوفد المرافق في المركز الثقافي الكلداني في نادي شانندوا يوم السبت 7 ديسمبر 2024
لطالما ارتبط تاريخ الكلدان في العراق بمعالمه المقدّسة وأديرته التي تحكي قصص الإيمان والصمود عبر الأجيال. ولكن في هذا المقال، ننطلق في رحلة مختلفة إلى قلب مؤسسة روحية عريقة: الرهبنة الأنطونية الهرمزدية الكلدانية. هذه الرهبنة، رغم استقلالها عن الهيكل الكنسي التقليدي، تُشكّل رافدًا مكمّلًا للرسالة الروحية والثقافية للكنيسة الكلدانية.
The U.S. House of Representatives on Wednesday November 20, 2024, passed a bipartisan resolution calling for greater support for the human rights and dignity of religious and ethnic minorities in Iraq, including the Chaldean community.
It’s often said, “It takes a village,” meaning that people rely on their communities to help raise and support their families. This principle extends to making a positive impact on the world around us. A common thread across cultures, religions, and communities is a commitment to charity and service.
At Saroki Architecture, father and son Victor and Alex embody the past and future of the field. For them, architecture is both an art form and a practical endeavor, merging technological skills with design and aesthetics.
On the ruins of an ancient mound and its surroundings lies the city of Tel Keppe, named after this very mound. Its history traces back to the several centuries before Christ, evidenced by artifacts excavated there, specifically on the site of the current cemetery.
Talat Karmo’s 42-year career—so far—aligns well with his authorship of 42 U.S. patents, mostly for General Motors and Ford Motor Company. Karmo holds a Ph.D. in polymer chemistry. Now 70 and twice retired, he has taken on a new challenge, demonstrating a reluctance to step away from the intellectual and emotional energy he finds in the workplace.
In a world often marked by division and misunderstanding, Matthew Howard, a seasoned communications professional and executive producer of Common Home TV, is on a mission to amplify the voices of those working for peace and justice.
Mesopotamia, often called the “birthplace of civilization,” was one of the earliest centers where the development of philosophy, religion, science, and technology helped humanity transition from prehistoric times into the modern era.
The 21st Annual Meeting and Board Election for the Chaldean American Chamber of Commerce was held on Wednesday, November 13 at Shenandoah Country Club. Over 150 members came together to network and participate in the voting process.
Sister Therese Shikwana’s journey is a powerful testament to faith, resilience, and dedication to service. She has played a pivotal role in the Chaldean community and the Chaldean Catholic Diocese.
he Shaya brothers continued their unprecedented run at the Michigan High School Athletic Association Division 1 boys tennis state tournament this season. Pierce Shaya, a senior at Bloomfield Hills High School, won his fourth flight state championship. His high school tennis career is over, but he’ll be playing for the University of Michigan men’s tennis team next season.
According to the National Alliance of Mental Illness, 3 in 5 Americans report that the holidays negatively impact their mental health. Despite the celebratory spirit, family conflicts, financial strain, and loneliness can magnify the stress people who struggle with mental health experience during the holidays.
As we transition from autumn to winter, change is all around us — leaves are taking on new colors, temperatures are dropping, and the days are getting shorter. But you can also experience different seasons in various aspects of your life — including when you invest. What are the seasons of an investor’s life? And how should you respond to them?
Over the past two decades, CN’s December cover stories have captured the evolving cultural, religious, and social fabric of the Chaldean community, showcasing key moments, traditions, and achievements.
In recent local elections, Chaldean candidates have made significant strides, securing key positions and bringing attention to the importance of representation at the community level. These small victories highlight the critical need for diverse voices in local government, where decisions directly impact daily life.
Chaldean Community Foundation Board Chair Sylvester Sandiha has been recognized by Crain’s as a “Notable Nonprofit Board Leader” for his work with the CCF. Sandiha works to raise awareness of CCF’s impact on the community by bringing together community, faith and political leaders.
There’s a new kind of therapy in town. Located in the heart of West Bloomfield, Social Pediatric Therapy specializes in providing essential therapy services for children to support their communication and developmental needs.
Jonathan Elias returns yet again to the Food Network! Host Jeff Mauro leads the merry eight-episode competition series Holiday Wars, where nine teams of elite cake, sugar and cookie artists (including our favorite Pastry Guru) compete in over-the-top confectionary challenges inspired by the season.
The Chaldean Community Foundation hosted its first ever Early Voting site from October 26-November 3 for Sterling Heights and Utica residents. Within the nine days of early voting, the CCF saw 8,050 voters come through its doors. Many first-time voters came through the CCF as well, with great excitement around being able to participate in the voting process.
November was Family Caregiver Month in the state of Michigan, and a perfect opportunity to shed some insight into the programming offered through the CCF’s Breaking Barriers program. A half-hour program called “Real Possibilities” through AARP Michigan airing on ABC 53 in the mid-Michigan area is recognizing CCF’s C.H.A.I. (Caregiver Helping Aid Initiative) Project.
After attending six months of learning and connecting with area top leaders, cultivating leadership skills, and developing relationships, the Learn with a Leader program got together for the last time as a cohort. In collaboration with CCF and Wireless Vision, Learn with a Leader graduates were honored November 6 during their program graduation at Shenandoah Country Club.
The CCF’s H.E.A.L. Project participated in a revolutionary driver’s education program catered to those who are hearing-impaired. Thanks to the generous support from AAA The Auto Club Group, the program revolutionized driver education with a cutting-edge driving simulator.
December invites reflection on the year that has passed and anticipation for the year ahead. It’s a time to appreciate the commitment and creativity that drive us all—whether through the artists and innovators in our communities or those whose devotion to faith, family, and country shapes the world around us.
يأخذنا استكشاف جاذبية المجوهرات والأحجار الكريمة العتيقة في رحلة عبر الزمن، لنستكشف القصص والجمال الموجود داخل هذه الكنوز العتيقة إذ لعبت المجوهرات دوراً مهماً في الحضارات والمجتمع وتاريخه الطويل وتم العثور على العديد من الأحجار الكريمة وقطع المجوهرات الفريدة من نوعها بين كل الحضارات القديمة وفي جميع أنحاء العالم.
على أطلال تل أثري ومحيطه، تقع مدينة تلكيف التي تستمد اسمها من هذا التل. يعود تاريخها إلى قرون عديدة قبل الميلاد، بدليل القطع الأثرية التي وجدها المنقبون في ذلك التل، الذي هو المقبرة الحالية. اسمها في اللغة الكلدانية “تل كيبي”، ويقابلها “تل الحجارة” باللغة العربية. كانت تسمى “شبيتيان.
وتتميز اللهجة العراقية بأنها تحتوي على عدد كبير من المفردات والأساليب التي تميزها عن اللهجات الأخرى، فاللغة المستخدمة في وسائل الإعلام والعمل الرسمي هي أقرب إلى اللغة العربية الفصحى، ولكن اللهجات الشفهية الشائعة بين عامة الناس تختلف باختلاف المناطق ولا توجد لهجة محددة في مناطق العراق فمثلا" لهجة أهل البصرة لا تتشابه مع لهجة باقي مدن الجنوب وهي لهجة بني تميم وأهل ساحل الخليج والتي تمتاز بقلب الجيم إلى ياء.
2023 Stories
In a remarkable convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and linguistic passion, the enigmatic beauty of ancient languages and cultural identities is emerging from the shadows. For one individual, this fusion is more than an academic pursuit; it’s a personal odyssey fueled by a deep desire to reconnect with his roots and amplify the voices of silenced cultures.
Part I Few members of the Chaldean community in Detroit still survive and remember what the village was like in the early 1900s, when our pioneers made the brave and challenging journey to America. What drove them to accomplish such a feat? To understand the enormity of such a journey, it’s necessary to recall the reality of village life and its simplicity.
The culinary traditions of the Chaldean community are as rich and diverse as our ancient history. Originating from the cradle of civilization, Chaldean cuisine boasts a plethora of flavors that narrate our cultural heritage. As the Chaldeans found a new home in Detroit, Michigan, we brought along our cherished recipes, crafting a unique food narrative that melds ancient traditions with the modern-day food landscape of the Motor City.
To quote St. Pope John Paul II in 2000, “To adopt a child is a great work of love. When it is done, much is given, but much is also received. It is a true exchange of gifts…” When, during a crisis pregnancy, a decision is made to have the baby, a gift of life is given. When the birth mother decides to place the baby for adoption, that’s a gift of family.
As a 15-year-old Catholic girl who found herself “in the family way” in 1982, I didn’t have a whole lot of options. My parents enrolled me in counseling at Catholic Social Services in preparation to place my baby for adoption. It wasn’t what I wanted to do, but I was still in school and lacking resources to be independent, so I went along.
In the heart of the Nineveh Plain, nestled in the ancient town of Alqosh, a masterful craftsman weaves stories and tradition with every stitch. Meet Thamir Yousif Qoda, a man who has dedicated his life to the art of crafting traditional garments that hold the essence of Chaldean, Assyrian, Kurdish, Arab, and Yazidi cultures.
In Iraq, Christmas is a unique occasion for Christians; the celebrations, customs, and traditions are very religious in nature. Persecuted for their faith, the people in Iraq associate the festival of Christmas with two things — the birth of Jesus Christ and celebrations of the mid-winter holidays. With great devotion, the Christians celebrate the festival of Christmas by carrying out religious services and reciting prayers. The celebrations are historically serene and peaceful.
Ever since he can remember, Fadi Babbie has had warm memories of his family’s New Year’s Eve traditions, celebrated in his birthplace of Baghdad, Iraq. Not surprisingly, many of his memories are related to the food that was served.
Metro Detroit employers felt the ground shift beneath them during the height of the COVID pandemic in 2021-2022. Precautionary measures intended to limit the spread of COVID-19 had the devastating unintended effect of slowing to a trickle the revenue streams of “in-person” businesses such as restaurants, concert venues and banquet halls.
The future of the Chaldean community is something that I tend to contemplate quite often. I wonder how our cultural norms and language will evolve. I fear that while our faith persists, our culture and language are fading.
They never lose. Never. The Shaya brothers — Pierce and Connor — each won a flight championship at the Division 1 boys tennis state tournament this fall in Midland to maintain their perfect record at the sport’s biggest stage.
Life is full of many big and small moments. In this lifetime, we may experience many victories that leave us feeling accomplished, as well as plenty of defeats that can leave us feeling lost.
As a stateless and fragmented nation, our language is especially integral to our identity, as one of the last remaining links we share.
Detroit is home to a unique Middle Eastern community who call themselves Chaldeans. This article attempts to illuminate the Chaldean heritage and religion, tracing its journey from the grand civilizations of ancient Mesopotamia to the culturally rich villages of Northern Iraq. We will explore the profound legacy of the Chaldeans and examine the integral role of the Church of the East in their identity.
The Chaldean Community Foundation, in partnership with the Chaldean Heritage Center in West Bloomfield (Shenandoah Country Club), took the initiative to host the second annual Mesopotamian Writers Conference (Beth al-Nahrain) on Saturday, November 11 in the Wireless Vision Gymnasium located in the Chaldean Community Foundation building in Sterling Heights.
بادرت مؤسسة الجالية الكلدانية وبالمشاركة مع المركز التراثي الكلداني في مدينة ويست بلومفيلد (نادي شانندوا) باستضافة المؤتمر السنوي الثاني لكتّاب بلاد الرافدين (بيت النهرين) يوم السبت 11 نوفمبر 2023 في قاعة الألعاب الرياضية (وايرلس فيشن) الواقعة في بناية مؤسسة الجالية الكلدانية – ستيرلنك هايتس.
From November 3 through November 5, pieces from select artists were displayed at the Chaldean Community Foundation for the 2nd Annual Beth Nahrain Art Show. Featured artists included Reni Stephan, Sabah Wazi, Azhr Matti, Wilson Sarkis, Mark Georgies, Cassidy Azzow, Fr. Patrick Setto, Emad Tammo, Habib Hannona and Savannah Meyer. Proceeds from the event benefited the victims of the Bakhdida wedding fire through a fundraising effort supported by Nineveh Rising.
Cardinal Sako recently called for a secular system in Iraq that separates religion from the state, citing it as the optimal choice for governance in Iraq. Speaking at the Peace and Security Forum in the Dohuk province, Sako urged for a constitutional amendment in the country, emphasizing the importance of “establishing a civil democratic state that adopts citizenship, embraces diversity, and respects rights, civilizations, religions, and sects.”
Reni Stephan, 42, was born in Baghdad and moved to the U.S. when he was 11. He said his family has plenty of musical talent, and while he shares a love of music, his artistry is more visual in nature. Stephan is a sculptor and painter who owns the Studio Lamassu Art Studio on 15 Mile near Ryan Road in Sterling Heights.
Iraq’s President Abdul Latif Rashid met with the head of the Catholic Church Pope Francis in the Vatican after a controversial dispute earlier this year with the head of the Chaldean Church.
According to a statement released by the president’s office, Rashid and Pope Francis discussed the situation of Christians in Iraq with the president saying they are a “key component in the building of the country, its progress and prosperity.”
On November 11, 2023, a small crowd gathered to witness the rededication of an almost forgotten relic at the corner of Walnut Lake and Inkster Roads. The Peace Memorial was originally raised by the now defunct Walnut Lake Women’s Club to honor area military members who fought in the Civil War and both World Wars.
The CCF’s H.E.A.L. (Hard of Hearing, E.S.L., American Sign Language, Life Skills) Project is using a state-of-the-art driving simulator to help deaf students to learn how to drive. The H.E.A.L. Project helps better equip those with hearing impairments to live independent lives. Assisted by an American Sign Language interpreter for the deaf, the group will learn how to become licensed drivers.
A workshop regarding brain health was presented by Macomb Community College Nursing students on November 15. The event proved to be an invaluable resource for those in attendance to learn more about brain health, how to keep your mind healthy, proper nutrition and exercise to reduce stress.
Nearly 700 attendees had the opportunity to experience the land between two rivers through paintings, woodwork and sculptures at the 2nd Annual Beth Nahrain Art Show held at the Chaldean Community Foundation November 3-5.
Featured artists included Reni Stephan, Sabah Wazi, Azhr Matti, Wilson Sarkis, Mark Georgies, Cassidy Azzow, Fr. Patrick Setto, Emad Tammo, Habib Hannona and Savannah Meyer. Proceeds from the event benefited the victims of the Bakhdida wedding fire through a fundraising effort supported by Nineveh Rising.
Prospective college students and their families attended the Oakland University Admissions and Financial Aid Night on November 15. Guests were able to meet with Oakland University staff and ask questions about the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), the associated costs of higher education, and the overall admissions process.